C

　　不定式的各種結(jié)構(gòu)

　　1．賓格詞 + 不定式

　　1）普通結(jié)構(gòu) 此結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓格詞為名詞或代詞的賓格，賓格詞是謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語，同時(shí)又是不定式的邏輯主語，不定式和賓格詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。

　　I want Henry to come. She expects this to be true. I heard them sing yesterday.

　　2) “there to be + 賓格詞”結(jié)構(gòu)

　　此結(jié)構(gòu)的賓格詞仍是不定式的邏輯主語，只是它位于不定式to be 的后面。

　　I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding.

　　3) 各種形式的不定式都可以用于此種結(jié)構(gòu)中。

　　The judge wanted the man to be punished.

　　He expected each of his students to be working hard for the coming exam.

　　2．主格詞 + 不定式

　　當(dāng)上一種結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，就出現(xiàn)了此種結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式都要帶to，主格詞是不定式的邏輯主語，不定式在句中作主語補(bǔ)足語。

　　They are allowed to go. ← We allowed them to go.

　　He was seen to enter the store. ← I saw him enter the store.

　　3．for + 賓格詞 + 不定式

　　此結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓格詞是不定式的邏輯主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作：

　　1） 主語 It is difficult for us to learn a second foreign language. 

　　2）賓語 I consider it necessary for her to learn French.

　　3）表語 The best thing is for us to make our own decision.

　　4）定語 There is a lot of work for us to do.

　　5）狀語 He opened the door for the car to enter.

　　The book is too easy for them to read.

　　4．with/without + 賓格詞 + 不定式

　　此結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作原因狀語，賓格詞是不定式的邏輯賓語。

　　With so much work to do, I shall not be able to watch the match with you.

　　Without anything to eat, he died of hunger.

　　5．疑問詞 + 不定式 此結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，在句中可作：

　　1） 主語 When to visit that farm has not been decided yet.

　　2） 賓語 We must know how to operate this machine.

　　3） 表語 The problem now is how to collect enough money.

　　4） 同位語 The problem what to do next is unknown.

　　注意 intend, plan, hope, expect, mean, promise, want, think, wish, were (was), would like, should like + 不定式完成式，可表過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，期待和計(jì)劃。

　　He intended to have come. = He intended to come, but he didn’t.

　　She wished to have bought a car. = She wished to buy a car, but she didn’t.

　　I meant to have called on you, but I was too busy. 

　　She hoped to have passed the exam. (but she didn’t)

　　I would like to have gone abroad. (but I didn’t)